Maternal Age: Region

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Cases with more than one anomaly within a group are counted only once. Numbers reflect cases where that anomaly occurs in a baby of a mother who falls into that age range, expressed as a percentage of all cases of that anomaly notified to us. The maternal age is taken as being that at the end of the pregnancy.

Region < 20 20 - 24 25 - 29 30 - 34 35 - 39 40 - 44 > 44 Not Known
A: Neurological 7.8 20.9 22.8 28.2 16.1 3.0   1.1
All neural tube defects 9.4 17.6 25.1 27.4 17.3 2.9   0.3
anencephalus 9.4 19.7 25.2 26.0 17.3 2.4    
spina bifida 9.3 13.9 27.8 27.2 17.9 3.3   0.7
encephalocele 11.1 22.2 13.9 30.6 19.4 2.8    
Congenital hydrocephalus 4.5 21.4 17.5 39.0 13.6 3.2   0.6
Muscular dystrophy       100.0        
Duchenne MD       100.0        
B: Eye Ear Face Neck 6.1 15.4 23.0 26.2 21.8 6.4 0.2 1.0
All eye 9.0 15.7 25.3 23.6 20.2 3.9   2.2
anophthalmos / microphthalmos 6.7 23.3 26.7 13.3 26.7 3.3    
congenital cataract 9.1 15.2 24.2 30.3 12.1 3.0   6.1
anomalies surrounding structures 3.7 14.8 29.6 33.3 7.4 7.4   3.7
All ear 4.9 19.7 14.8 37.7 19.7 3.3    
external ear anomalies 4.8 28.6 9.5 23.8 33.3      
sensorineural hearing loss 8.3 25.0 16.7 33.3 8.3 8.3    
C: Circulatory 7.7 16.5 24.0 27.5 17.3 5.3 0.6 1.1
Disordered circulation 13.1 16.4 16.4 27.9 21.3 4.9    
All septal defects 8.0 15.9 22.5 28.1 18.2 5.7 0.7 0.9
ASD (all types) 8.6 16.1 23.5 27.1 18.4 5.5 0.8  
VSD 8.2 16.6 23.0 28.2 17.1 5.5 0.5 0.9
AVSD 7.2 11.3 15.5 25.8 24.7 11.3 2.1 2.1
All complex cyanotic CHD 8.7 12.6 30.7 27.6 18.1 1.6   0.8
transposition great vessels 9.2 9.2 34.2 31.6 15.8      
tetralogy of Fallot 7.8 17.6 25.5 21.6 21.6 3.9   2.0
All heart valve anomalies 10.7 15.3 21.0 31.0 14.9 5.0 1.1 1.1
pulmonary valve anomalies 13.0 18.3 15.7 27.8 15.7 6.1 1.7 1.7
tricuspid valve anomalies 8.9 19.6 30.4 23.2 14.3 3.6    
mitral valve anomalies 7.7 15.4 19.2 46.2 3.8 3.8 3.8  
aortic valve anomalies 11.0 8.8 23.1 36.3 13.2 4.4 2.2 1.1
All vessel anomalies 9.5 17.8 22.9 25.3 18.5 5.1 0.5 0.5
pulmonary artery anomalies 10.4 18.8 22.1 26.0 17.5 5.2    
aorta anomalies 9.3 15.2 24.0 25.5 20.6 4.4 1.0  
All chamber anomalies 7.7 16.4 25.2 31.8 11.5 5.6 1.0 0.7
hypoplastic left heart 2.5 19.8 30.9 32.1 7.4 4.9 1.2 1.2
hypoplastic right heart     66.7 33.3        
Conduction anomalies 6.3 25.0 18.8 25.0 20.8 4.2    
D: Respiratory 8.0 17.4 31.0 21.3 17.8 3.8 0.3 0.3
All airways 8.1 17.2 30.1 22.0 18.8 3.2 0.5  
All lung 9.8 18.0 31.1 21.3 13.9 4.9   0.8
cystic anomalies 12.5 18.8 28.1 15.6 12.5 9.4   3.1
agenesis 6.5 19.4 32.3 25.8 12.9 3.2    
hypoplasia 17.1 11.4 25.7 28.6 11.4 5.7    
E: Digestive 6.8 18.1 26.9 26.9 16.0 4.0 0.3 1.0
All clefting 7.4 19.1 27.5 25.7 13.7 5.1 0.5 1.0
lips 6.7 20.0 23.3 26.7 20.0 3.3    
alveolar 9.1 18.2 27.3 18.2 18.2 9.1    
isolated cleft palate 7.5 11.9 31.3 26.9 12.5 6.9 1.3 1.9
cleft palate with cleft lip 7.6 26.1 25.5 24.2 11.5 4.5   0.6
All oesophagus / stomach 3.4 23.0 19.5 32.2 16.1 5.7    
tracheo-oesophageal atresia, fistula, stenosis 3.9 21.1 19.7 32.9 15.8 6.6    
All intestines 6.9 18.1 26.3 24.8 20.2 2.1 0.3 1.2
duodenal atresia 5.1 17.9 20.5 25.6 28.2     2.6
other small bowel atresias 6.7 16.7 16.7 33.3 23.3 3.3    
large bowel atresias 6.3 25.3 27.4 21.1 15.8 3.2   1.1
Hirschsprung's disease 4.9 19.5 24.4 29.3 19.5 2.4    
All digestive organs 3.9 19.7 30.3 27.6 15.8 2.6    
bilary atresia   10.0 40.0 20.0 20.0 10.0    
F: Urinary 6.5 16.0 26.4 30.2 15.9 3.9 0.3 0.8
All kidney 6.2 18.0 27.5 27.7 16.4 3.4 0.4 0.4
agenesis 6.1 18.4 22.4 30.6 18.4 4.1    
hypoplasia 6.7 13.3 33.3 26.7 16.7 3.3    
cystic 5.1 19.9 28.4 21.6 19.9 4.0 0.6 0.6
other specific kidney 6.8 12.2 26.5 33.3 16.3 3.4 0.7 0.7
All renal pelvis / ureters 6.2 14.3 25.9 34.2 15.2 3.6 0.2 0.5
pelviureteric obstruction 5.5 14.2 25.8 35.2 15.2 3.2 0.3 0.6
hydronephrosis, 10mm or over 6.6 13.2 22.8 35.3 20.6 1.5    
All bladder / urethra 9.0 14.9 26.9 30.6 11.2 6.7   0.7
epispadias   11.1   44.4 33.3 11.1    
G: Genital 6.6 17.1 26.6 28.6 16.4 3.9 0.2 0.5
Female 9.0 9.0 25.8 32.6 19.1 4.5    
Male 6.4 18.0 26.5 28.4 16.1 3.9 0.2 0.5
hypospadias 6.9 17.0 25.6 28.9 16.2 4.3 0.3 0.6
Intersex   10.5 36.8 26.3 15.8 5.3   5.3
H: Endocrine, metabolic 7.0 17.8 25.2 25.7 16.8 5.1 0.5 1.9
All thyroid 12.1 9.1 30.3 21.2 27.3      
hypothyroidism 12.1 9.1 30.3 21.2 27.3      
Phenylketonuria 100.0              
Cystic fibrosis 10.0 12.0 26.0 26.0 12.0 8.0   6.0
Adrenal 2.7 16.2 27.0 37.8 10.8 5.4    
J: Blood, immune, lymphatic 9.1 17.0 25.0 27.3 19.3 2.3    
Thalassaemia   20.0 30.0 40.0   10.0    
Sickle cell 21.4 14.3 28.6 21.4 7.1 7.1    
Immunodeficiency 100.0              
K: Skin 4.6 16.0 24.8 30.3 18.5 4.2   1.7
Cystic hygroma 4.4 11.0 22.1 28.7 25.0 6.6   2.2
L: Limbs 6.5 16.6 25.9 29.5 16.4 4.3 0.2 0.6
All upper limb 6.3 19.3 24.5 27.8 17.3 3.9   0.9
polydactyly 6.0 22.5 21.4 26.9 18.7 3.3   1.1
syndactyly 8.8 14.0 29.8 26.3 12.3 5.3   3.5
reduction defects 5.2 18.0 26.3 29.4 17.0 3.1   1.0
All lower limb 6.1 15.2 26.5 30.3 16.6 4.4 0.3 0.6
polydactyly 6.7 18.7 26.7 29.3 13.3 4.0 1.3  
syndactyly 3.8 24.2 23.5 31.1 11.4 6.1    
reduction defects 7.1 17.3 29.9 26.8 15.0 3.1   0.8
dysplastic hip 4.1 11.9 26.7 30.0 20.4 5.2   1.9
non-postural talipes 8.3 16.9 27.6 27.9 13.4 5.5   0.3
Non limb-specific 10.1 19.0 23.2 26.8 16.7 4.2    
M: Musculoskeletal 11.7 16.5 24.7 25.4 17.0 3.6 0.2 0.9
All abdominal wall defects 21.5 22.8 21.9 13.7 14.6 3.7 0.5 1.4
gastroschisis 40.0 33.3 18.9 3.3 2.2 1.1   1.1
exomphalos 7.6 13.3 22.9 21.0 25.7 6.7 1.0 1.9
All diaphragm 5.2 16.5 21.6 34.0 19.6 2.1   1.0
hernia / agenesis 5.4 17.2 21.5 33.3 19.4 2.2   1.1
All short stature 2.6 10.5 18.4 34.2 23.7 5.3 2.6 2.6
achondroplasia 7.1   21.4 42.9 21.4     7.1
All other specific musculoskeletal 8.7 14.7 27.0 27.0 18.8 3.3   0.5
skull, face & neck 8.3 11.5 28.4 24.8 20.5 5.4   1.1
thorax & trunk 9.7 8.8 31.9 27.4 19.5 2.7    
spine & pelvis 11.3 18.4 22.7 24.8 22.0 0.7    
N: Neoplastic 7.7 11.5 23.1 34.6 19.2 3.8    
O: Genetic / multi-site disorders 3.5 8.4 15.8 23.3 28.7 18.1 1.2 1.0
All chromosomal 3.2 7.7 15.0 23.3 29.6 18.9 1.2 1.0
trisomy 21 - Down's syndrome 1.6 5.1 11.1 21.2 35.0 24.2 0.9 0.9
trisomy 18 - Edwards' syndrome 2.1 5.3 16.9 16.9 30.2 23.8 3.2 1.6
trisomy 13 - Patau's syndrome 2.6 9.0 14.1 28.2 33.3 11.5 1.3  
triploidy / polyploidy 6.1 9.1 30.3 33.3 13.6 6.1   1.5
Turner's syndrome 6.6 12.1 19.8 33.0 19.8 7.7   1.1
Klinefelter's syndrome 4.3 13.0 13.0 8.7 26.1 21.7 8.7 4.3
other anomalies sex chromosomes   13.9 11.1 19.4 25.0 27.8   2.8
deletions 8.5 15.4 24.8 28.2 17.1 5.1   0.9
other chromosome anomalies 4.1 9.0 14.0 25.2 28.8 17.1 1.4 0.5
Other genetic disorder 7.8 19.4 27.2 21.4 18.4 5.8    
P: Pregnancy related 6.7 19.2 26.7 26.7 16.7 4.2    
R: Infectious 18.8 3.1 18.8 25.0 31.3 3.1    
viral 31.6   15.8 26.3 26.3      
bacterial     100.0          
fungal                
S: Suggestion of underlying anomaly 8.0 10.7 20.3 28.9 26.2 4.8 0.5 0.5
hydrops 5.7 12.2 22.8 26.8 26.8 4.9 0.8  
                 
Additional anomalies collected by SWCAR
pyloric stenosis 11.9 21.2 29.2 22.1 8.8 2.2   4.4
inguinal hernia 7.1 18.4 21.6 30.7 16.8 3.2   2.2
balanced translocation     20.0 60.0 13.3 6.7    
café au lait spot       33.3 33.3 33.3    
other branchial cleft malformations         100.0      
hydronephrosis >=5mm <10mm 5.8 18.8 26.2 31.4 13.9 3.6   0.3
vesicoureteric reflux 5.2 17.2 29.3 27.6 15.5 5.2    
congenital subluxation of hip 7.3 14.6 19.5 29.3 26.8 2.4